Chu, S. & Majumdar, A. Alternatives and challenges for a sustainable vitality future. Nature 488, 294–303 (2012).
Zhang, B. et al. Homogeneously dispersed multimetal oxygen-evolving catalysts. Science 352, 333–337 (2016).
Seitz, L. C. et al. A extremely lively and secure IrOx/SrIrO3 catalyst for the oxygen evolution response. Science 353, 1011–1014 (2016).
Li, S. et al. Oxygen-evolving catalytic atoms on steel carbides. Nat. Mater. 20, 1240 (2021).
Jiang, Okay. et al. Dynamic active-site era of atomic iridium stabilized on nanoporous steel phosphides for water oxidation. Nat. Commun. 11, 2701 (2020).
Tobias, R., Nhan, N. H., Detre, T., Robert, S. & Peter, S. Electrocatalytic oxygen evolution response in acidic environments—response mechanisms and catalysts. Adv. Vitality Mater. 7, 1601275 (2017).
Cherevko, S. et al. Oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions on Ru, RuO2, Ir, and IrO2 skinny movie electrodes in acidic and alkaline electrolytes: a comparative examine on exercise and stability. Catal. Immediately 262, 170–180 (2016).
Yan, Z. et al. Anion insertion enhanced electrodeposition of strong steel hydroxide/oxide electrodes for oxygen evolution. Nat. Commun. 9, 2373 (2018).
Huang, W. et al. Ligand modulation of lively websites to advertise electrocatalytic oxygen evolution. Adv. Mater. 34, 2200270 (2022).
Yang, L. et al. Environment friendly oxygen evolution electrocatalysis in acid by a perovskite with face-sharing IrO6 octahedral dimers. Nat. Commun. 9, 5236 (2018).
Huang, C. J. et al. A evaluation of modulation methods for enhancing catalytic efficiency of transition steel phosphides for oxygen evolution response. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 325, 122313 (2023).
Batool, M., Hameed, A. & Nadeem, M. A. Current developments on iron and nickel-based transition steel nitrides for general water splitting: a important evaluation. Coord. Chem. Rev. 480, 215029 (2023).
Mohili, R., Hemanth, N. R., Jin, H., Lee, Okay. & Chaudhari, N. Rising excessive entropy steel sulphides and phosphides for electrochemical water splitting. J. Mater. Chem. A 11, 10463–10472 (2023).
Zhu, Y. et al. Iridium single atoms included in Co3O4 effectively catalyze the oxygen evolution in acidic circumstances. Nat. Commun. 13, 7754 (2022).
Dincă, M., Surendranath, Y. & Nocera, D. G. Nickel-borate oxygen-evolving catalyst that features underneath benign circumstances. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 107, 10337 (2010).
Bauer, J., Buss, D. H., Harms, H.-J. & Glemser, O. The electrochemical habits of optimistic cobalt/aluminum and cobalt/iron hydroxide electrodes. J. Electrochem. Soc. 137, 173–178 (1990).
Benson, P., Briggs, G. W. D. & Wynne-Jones, W. F. Okay. The cobalt hydroxide electrode—I. Construction and section transitions of the hydroxides. Electrochim. Acta 9, 275–276 (1964).
Benson, P., Briggs, G. W. D. & Wynne-Jones, W. F. Okay. The cobalt hydroxide electrode—II. Electrochemical habits. Electrochim. Acta 9, 281–288 (1964).
Babar, P. et al. Cobalt iron hydroxide as a treasured metal-free bifunctional electrocatalyst for environment friendly general water splitting. Small 14, 1702568 (2018).
Wu, J. et al. Establishing electrocatalysts with composition gradient distribution by solubility product concept: amorphous/crystalline CoNiFe-LDH hole nanocages. Adv. Funct. Mater. 33, 2300808 (2023).
Enkhtuvshin, E. et al. Floor reconstruction of Ni–Fe layered double hydroxide inducing chloride ion blocking supplies for excellent general seawater splitting. Adv. Funct. Mater. 33, 2214069 (2023).
Li, Z. et al. Excessive-density cationic defects coupling with native alkaline-enriched setting for environment friendly and secure water oxidation. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 62, e2022178 (2023).
Arshad, F. et al. Microwave-assisted development of spherical core-shell NiFe LDH@CuxO nanostructures for electrocatalytic water oxidation response. Int. J. Hydrog. Vitality 48, 4719–4727 (2023).
Li, H. et al. Environment friendly electrocatalysis for oxygen evolution: W-doped NiFe nanosheets with oxygen vacancies constructed by facile electrodeposition and corrosion. Chem. Eng. J. 452, 139104 (2023).
Cui, H. et al. Synergistic digital interplay between ruthenium and nickel-iron hydroxide for enhanced oxygen evolution response. Uncommon Met. 41, 2606–2615 (2022).
Kim, S. J. et al. Zn-doped nickel iron (oxy)hydroxide nanocubes passivated by polyanions with excessive catalytic exercise and corrosion resistance for seawater oxidation. J. Vitality Chem. 81, 82–92 (2023).
Li, P. et al. Boosting oxygen evolution of single-atomic ruthenium by means of digital coupling with cobalt-iron layered double hydroxides. Nat. Commun. 10, 1711 (2019).
Zhai, P. et al. Engineering single-atomic ruthenium catalytic websites on faulty nickel-iron layered double hydroxide for general water splitting. Nat. Commun. 12, 4587 (2021).
Mu, X. et al. Breaking the symmetry of single-atom catalysts permits a particularly low vitality barrier and excessive stability for large-current-density water splitting. Vitality Environ. Sci. 15, 4048 (2022).
Zhang, T. et al. Pinpointing the axial ligand impact on platinum single-atom-catalyst in direction of environment friendly alkaline hydrogen evolution response. Nat. Commun. 13, 6875 (2022).
Li, X. et al. Convergent paired electrosynthesis of dimethyl carbonate from carbon dioxide enabled by designing the superstructure of axial oxygen coordinated nickel single-atom catalysts. Vitality Environ. Sci. 16, 502–512 (2023).
Liu, Y. et al. Axial phosphate coordination in Co single atoms boosts electrochemical oxygen evolution. Adv. Sci. 10, 2206107 (2023).
Zhao, J. et al. Sub-nanometer-scale fantastic regulation of interlayer distance in Ni-Co layered double hydroxides resulting in high-rate supercapacitors. Nano Vitality 76, 105026 (2020).
Zhao, J. et al. Perception into the decay mechanism of biking capacitance for layered double hydroxides at subnanometer scale. Chem. Commun. 58, 9124–9127 (2022).
Zhao, J. et al. Balancing loading mass and gravimetric capacitance of NiCo−layered double hydroxides to realize ultrahigh areal efficiency for versatile supercapacitors. Adv. Powder Mater. 3, 100151 (2024).
Li, N. et al. Identification of the active-layer constructions for acidic oxygen evolution from 9R-BaIrO3 electrocatalyst with enhanced iridium mass exercise. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 143, 18001–18009 (2021).
Yang, Y. et al. Enhancing water oxidation of Ru single atoms by way of oxygen-coordination bonding with NiFe layered double hydroxide. ACS Catal. 13, 2771–2779 (2023).
Hu, Y. et al. Single Ru atoms stabilized by hybrid amorphous/crystalline FeCoNi layered double hydroxide for ultraefficient oxygen evolution. Adv. Vitality Mater. 11, 2002816 (2021).
Duan, X. et al. Stabilizing single-atomic ruthenium by ferrous ion doped NiFe-LDH in direction of extremely environment friendly and sustained water oxidation. Chem. Eng. J. 466, 136962 (2022).
Wang, Y. et al. Interfacial synergy between dispersed Ru sub-nanoclusters and porous NiFe layered double hydroxide on accelerated general water splitting by intermediate modulation. Nanoscale 12, 9669–9679 (2020).
Jia, C. et al. Ir single atoms modified Ni(OH)2 nanosheets on hierarchical porous nickel foam for environment friendly oxygen evolution. Nano Res. 15, 10014–10020 (2022).
Xing, Y., Ku, J., Fu, W., Wang, L. & Chen, H. Inductive impact between atomically dispersed iridium and transition-metal hydroxide nanosheets permits extremely environment friendly oxygen evolution response. Chem. Eng. J. 395, 125149 (2020).
He, Q. et al. Confining high-valence iridium single websites onto nickel oxyhydroxide for sturdy oxygen evolution. Nano Lett. 22, 3832–3839 (2022).
Zhang, Z. et al. Selectively anchoring single atoms on particular websites of helps for improved oxygen evolution. Nat. Commun. 13, 2473 (2022).
Zhang, J. et al. Single-atom Au/NiFe layered double hydroxide electrocatalyst: probing the origin of exercise for oxygen evolution response. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 140, 3876–3879 (2018).
Li, J., Li, Z., Zhan, F. & Shao, M. Part engineering of cobalt hydroxide towards cation intercalation. Chem. Sci. 12, 1756–1761 (2021).
Nørskov, J. Okay., Abild-Pedersen, F., Studt, F. & Thomas, B. Density practical concept in floor chemistry and catalysis. PNAS 108, 937–943 (2011).
Hu, Q. et al. Subnanometric Ru clusters with upshifted d band heart enhance efficiency for alkaline hydrogen evolution response. Nat. Commun. 13, 3958 (2022).
Shi, H. et al. A sodium-ion-conducted uneven electrolyzer to decrease the operation voltage for direct seawater electrolysis. Nat. Commun. 14, 3934 (2023).
